Abstract: Five new terpenoids, including two vibsane-type diterpenoids ( 1 , 2 ) and three iridoid allosides ( 3 − 5 ), together with eight known ones, were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Viburnum odoratissimum var. sessiliflorum. Their planar structures and relative configurations were determined by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques. The sugar moieties of the iridoids were confirmed as β-D-allose by GC analysis after acid hydrolysis and acetylation. The absolute configurations of neovibsanin Q ( 1 ) and dehydrovibsanol B ( 2 ) were determined by quantum chemical calculation of their theoretical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and Rh₂(OCOCF₃)₄-induced ECD analysis. The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1 , 3 , 4 , and 5 were evaluated using an LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell model. Compounds 3 suppressed the release of NO in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ value of 55.64 μmol·L⁻¹. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1 − 5 on HCT-116 cells were assessed and the results showed that compounds 2 and 3 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 13.8 and 12.3 μmol·L⁻¹, respectively.